Technical Session 1: Mission and Vision

Abstract:

Sustainability in refrigeration and air conditioning (RAC) includes technologies and practices that reduce environmental impact while meeting the growing demand for refrigeration and air conditioning services. As climate change and environmental degradation become global issues, RAC's sustainable development program focuses on energy efficiency, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and using environmentally friendly refrigerants in vapor compression refrigeration systems (VCR). Refrigerants play an important role in the stability of cooling systems. They produce fluids that absorb and release heat to cool. The impact of refrigerants on the environment, especially their effects on global warming and ozone layer depletion, makes their selection and management important for sustainable development. Legacy refrigerants such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) have the potential to cause global warming and have a significant impact on climate change. Alternatives such as hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs) and natural refrigerants such as ammonia, carbon dioxide, and hydrocarbons have lower GWPs. Additionally, the power of the refrigerator decreases due to the addition of nanoparticles into the liquid refrigerant. Various studies have shown an increase in COP of approximately 38%.

Abstract:

Research on the connection between market orientation and the performance of companies in Indonesia has been a significant focus within the fields of management and business strategy development. Market orientation means an organization's capacity to comprehend, answer, and fulfill client needs better compared to its rivals, while performance of companies includes the accomplishment of monetary and non-monetary objectives. In the midst of serious worldwide business rivalry, variation to showcase elements is vital to progress, and in Indonesia, market orientation assumes a basic part in deciding firm exhibition. A few examinations have been led to investigate this relationship, with discoveries demonstrating that market direction essentially impacts performance of companies. This study utilizes bibliometric examination to analyze the improvement of exploration on market orientation and performance of companies in Indonesia from 2001 to 2023, using the Scopus data set containing 121 articles. Recent research highlights an upward trend in revenue over recent years, with numerous analyses emphasizing the beneficial impact of market orientation on company performance. This review sheds light on current research patterns and serves as a guide for future investigations in this field. Also, the topical guide proposes that the subject of authoritative development is promising for additional examination because of its huge potential yet restricted investigation, accordingly offering motivation for future analysts.

Keywords:

Market Orientation; Performance; Companies; Indonesia; Bibliometric

Abstract:

This study aims to reveal the myth of caraka walik in the caraka cone on Mount Tidar in the perspective of literary ethnomytology. Caraka walik itself is a Javanese text or writing found on the caraka cone on the top of Mount Tidar Magelang. This research is motivated by the existence of myths contained in caraka walik in caraka cones that are important to express. This research uses Roland Barthes's mythological theory to describe the mythological system in the form of elements of form, concept, and meaning. This research uses a qualitative research paradigm, ethnographic research design for data collection using the qualitative interview method of cultural actors as informants, as well as observer participation at the Tidar mountain caraka cone site. Through observer participation in the caraka cone and qualitative interview with a cultural activist on Mount Tidar named Mr. Bambang Eka Prasetya who found value in the myth contained in the caraka walik at the top of Mount Tidar Magelang. Data analysis uses descriptive synthesis by combining and synergizing the data obtained in the data retrieval process. After obtaining the results of the analysis of the mythological system, it was then combined with ethnographic analysis so that a distinctive value was found in the local wisdom of the Tidar mountain community contained in the myth of caraka walik. The merger of mythology and ethnography is called literary ethnomytology. The results showed the existence of value in the myth of caraka walik. The value that exists in the myth of caraka walik is that in human life when there are problems can be overcome independently, understand each other, be humility, and support each other. The study of the myth of caraka walik is also expected to be one of the efforts to conserve local wisdom on Mount Tidar Magelang which is increasingly fading with the times.

Keywords:

Caraka Walik, Ethnomytology, Mount Tidar, Local Wisdom, Caraka Cone, Myth.

Abstract:

This paper explores the development and implementation of interactive e-modules designed to foster self-directed learning among vocational high school students. With the rapid advancement of digital technology, education systems are increasingly adopting innovative tools to enhance learning experiences. The research is grounded in the principles of andragogy, emphasizing the importance of self-directed learning (SDL) in modern education, and highlights how interactive e-modules can provide a dynamic and flexible learning environment. The study involves the design, development, and evaluation of interactive e-modules tailored for vocational education, with data showing significant increases in student motivation, interest, and learning independence. Findings indicate that the use of interactive e-modules can effectively bridge the gap between traditional teaching methods and the evolving needs of vocational students in the digital age. This paper concludes that incorporating interactive e-modules in vocational education represents a new era of learning, empowering students to become self-directed learners, and offers valuable insights for educators and policymakers in integrating digital tools to enhance educational outcomes.

Abstract:

Learning independence helps students determine learning goals, find learning strategies, monitor the learning process, and evaluate their learning progress independently. Weak learning independence causes students to have difficulty managing emotions, lose focus, and find it challenging to engage in learning. This article aims to map the self-regulated learning ability of vocational high school students in East Kotawaringin Regency and its implications for increasing learning independence and critical thinking skills. This study used a survey method conducted in four vocational schools in East Kotawaringin Regency. The study sample comprised 262 numbers taken using the Slovin technique at an error rate of 5%—data collection techniques using e-questionnaires with Likert scales, field observations, and interviews. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive data analysis techniques. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that the level of self-regulated learning ability of SMK students in East Kotawaringin Regency was in the sufficient category, based on indicators of metacognitive skills, motivation, and learning methods of students and in terms of gender and expertise programs. This has implications for efforts to optimize the self-regulated learning ability of SMK students through student-centered learning approaches, problem-based learning strategies, and digital-based learning resources. The use of this strategy is also expected to have an impact on the development of student's critical thinking skills

Abstract:

Independence and adaptability are crucial for vocational school students, as graduates are expected to continue learning independently in a constantly evolving work environment that demands quick adaptation. Innovation in education is needed to create a learning environment that supports students in developing self-regulated learning (SRL). This research develops a digital module to assist teachers in facilitating learning by emphasizing the development of SRL through active learning interventions. The module incorporates motivational regulation prompts in the form of questions that motivate students and guide them to understand their own learning goals and how to achieve them. Meanwhile, metacognitive prompts help direct students to set goals, make plans, determine strategies, and evaluate their own learning activities. Verification results from experts and users indicate that the digital module can be used to support the enhancement of SRL in learning. Survey results from students and teachers show that the motivational regulation and metacognitive prompts embedded in the digital module help students become aware of their own learning needs, set learning goals, and develop independent behaviors to meet their learning needs. These findings indicate that the developed digital module can support self-regulated learning in vocational schools.

Abstract:

The background in studying the diversity of coastal cultural landscapes in several coastal areas in Indonesia is a reference and or comparison for the development of coastal tourism areas in the maritime cultural aspect of the coating islands of the Karimata Islands sub-district so that aspects of local wisdom can be seen whether there are similarities or quite a significant difference. This is done for how interesting it is to study the values ​​of the cultural landscape in the case studies taken, to provide a general description of the patterns, structures of ways of local people living side by side with nature, maintaining culture and landscape zones in the area, and or uniqueness from the cultural landscape so that the people of the coating islands of the Karimata Islands sub-district can at least learn some of the cultural aspects that exist in other coastal areas in terms of living side by side by optimally utilizing natural resources in the sea and on land. The method used in this study uses a qualitative approach by collecting data using a literature review. The data used are several scientific papers from trusted journals, theses, theses, and websites as well as customary norms and other related laws that regulate community matters in coastal islands. so that it can be concluded based on some references to the existing case studies, that the coating island of the Karimata Archipelago sub-district has cultural similarities with other coastal areas in terms of the Semah Laut ritual or better known as Sedekah Laut, in addition to similarities, there are also very strong coastal cultural differences as in the area of ​​the Bajo coastal community which is known as a fishing community with a long civilization with various forms of taboos and prohibitions on going to sea.

Keywords:

Developing, Coastal, Cultural Landscape, Potential, Utilizing

Abstract:

Critical thinking skills are among the numerous goals the 21st-century education intends to acquire. This study employed content analysis on several articles published from 2016 to 2023, with the utilization of technology in fostering mathematical critical thinking skills as the main focus of the study. The results show that in 2021 until 2022, the number of publications focusing on mathematical critical thinking skills using technology has increased. Among these publications, the most dominant type of research is quantitative research with quasi-experimental designs. In addition, the eighth grade of junior high school and ‘geometry and algebra’ are consecutively the subject and material targeted the most. Similarly, geogebra and discovery learning are the technology and treatment that most widely used respectively. Test and t-test were serially the most used instrument and data analysis method. Some recommendations have been proposed for upcoming research underpinning mathematical critical thinking skills using technology as the focus.

Keywords:

Technology; Mathematics; Critical Thinking Skills; Content Analysis, Systematic Literature Review.

Abstract:

The main objective of this study was to investigate the implementation of the Merdeka curriculum for English language teaching at Rumah Belajar-Aksi Inspirasi. The research focuses on the creation of lesson plans, the classroom teaching and learning process, and the assessments conducted in the classroom by three English teachers from the institution located in Sleman, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The researcher took a case study approach and used descriptive qualitative analysis for data collection. The researcher used various techniques and instruments, such as structured interview questions, an observation list for classroom observation, and the analysis of learning documents. The results show that teachers at Rumah Belajar-Aksi Inspirasi use the Merdeka Curriculum in teaching English by using three strategies: Ceria, GBL, and Jigsaw. Textbooks provided by the Indonesian Ministry of Education and Culture are the main teaching materials adapted in the learning classroom. In addition, teachers use a variety of educational learning media, such as laptops and cell phones. Teachers integrate various websites, such as Wordwall, Gemary, and Quiz, into the teaching process. Teachers conduct formative and summative assessments at the end of the learning session.

Keywords:

Implementation, Merdeka Curriculum, Teaching English Language

Abstract:

This research investigates using "A Day in My Life" content in the TikTok application to enhance students' speaking performance for tourism department Students. The subjects were 27 eleventh-grade students from SMK Negeri 1 Ambon especially in the tourism department, and the study was conducted in three cycles. Instruments included project presentations as tour guides, video projects at tourist attractions in Ambon, observation checklists, interviews, and scripts of tourist attractions. Results showed that "A Day in My Life" content on TikTok significantly enhanced students' speaking skills by using social media as an ICT tool to build confidence, reduce fear of mistakes, and encourage continuous practice. Students created and uploaded "A Day in My Life" videos at local tourist spots, increasing their average scores from 48 in the first cycle to 71,5 in the first cycle, up to 82,5 in cycle two, and in cycle three it increased to 97.7. Key factors contributing to this improvement included speaking practice, appropriate media use, and engaging classroom activities. In summary, the research concluded that using "A Day in My Life" content on TikTok effectively enhances the speaking performance of eleventh-grade tourism department students at SMK Negeri 1 Ambon.

Keywords:

Speaking Performance, TikTok Application, A Day in my Life content.

Abstract:

"Downhill Challenge" is an educational project at Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Cuernavaca, inspired by Soapbox races, where students design and build gravity-powered vehicles to race downhill. Over three years, this initiative has sparked interest in engineering by blending fun and experiential learning with physics, engineering design, sustainability, and project management. Participants compete in categories like best time, best design, and most sustainable vehicle, fostering closer ties with local schools and shifting how science and engineering are taught. The challenge emphasizes critical skills such as problem-solving, teamwork, and entrepreneurship, offering hands-on experience from concept to prototype. The project also includes a teacher's manual on physics applications, integrating the challenge into classrooms. Since 2019, participation has doubled, with over 300 students in 2023. High schoolers showed increased interest in engineering, with 30% enrolling in related programs. The Downhill Challenge exemplifies the value of experiential learning in modern education, merging theory with practice.

Abstract:

Virtual reality is the recent technologies that have been used countless in various fields. The popularity of virtual reality has been tremendously increasing over the years. Although many researchers delineate the benefits of virtual learning applications in learning, however, the implementation of virtual reality application in learning at higher education institutions is still in infant stage. Generally, it took longer time to build the confidence among various parties to implement virtual reality in learning. As the nature of the learning grows more competitive in higher education institutional, the role of virtual reality develops more meaningful recently. In the context of this concern, this study seeks to discuss the concept of virtual reality and the applications in learning. Apart of that, this article discusses the past literature. Keywords: Virtual reality, technology, learning, higher education institution

Abstract:

The condition of Tikus Island is increasingly concerning due to ongoing abrasion. This island, owned by the Ministry of Transportation, has diminished from an initial area of 2 hectares to only 0.5 hectares. Coastal abrasion can be caused by both natural changes and human activities. In science education, this knowledge will provide students with insights into the causes of abrasion on Tikus Island. This study employs a literature review method to identify the factors contributing to the abrasion occurring on Tikus Island. Several natural factors and human activities have led to the rapid shrinkage of Tikus Island due to the continuously increasing rate of abrasion each year. These factors include sediment erosion by ocean currents, a high coral mortality rate of up to 14% resulting from human activities, and rising sea levels due to global warming, which further exacerbates the situation. By understanding the primary factors causing abrasion and integrating this knowledge into the curriculum, students' awareness of the natural environment and ecosystems present on Tikus Island can be enhanced, and effective policies from the government are anticipated to mitigate the rate of abrasion that has been affecting Tikus Island.

Abstract:

This study aims to determine how runoff occurs and how effectively the paving block has been modified to reduce the peak flood discharge. Data collection was carried out by experimenting with an artificial rain simulator. The simulator equipment that has been designed has a size of 120 cm x 60 cm and is equipped with a shower and a flowmeter for water to come out. The paving block is in the form of a hexagon, which is commonly used for the ground surface layer. The data that have been analysed are runoff coefficient (C) and flood peak discharge data using the Nakayasu Synthetic Unit Hydrograph method. Based on the results of the analysis, the value of the runoff coefficient (C) was obtained; the paving block without pores had the highest runoff coefficient, with a value ranging from 0.26 to 0.82; the paving block with a ratio of 2%, the resulting surface runoff coefficient value ranged from 0.25 to 0.81, the paving block with a ratio of 5%, the resulting surface runoff coefficient value ranged from 0.23 to 0.78, the paving block with a ratio of 7%, the resulting surface runoff coefficient value ranged from 0.14 to 0.74. The paving block with a ratio of 10%, the resulting surface runoff coefficient value ranged from 0.07 to 0.71. For the hydrograph method, the results obtained were that the peak flood discharge occurred at the 20th minute, the highest peak flood discharge was found in the paving block without pores of 11.24 m3/sec, and the lowest peak discharge was found in the paving block with a ratio of 10% of 8.95 m3/sec. So, the peak flood discharge decrease was 2.29m3/s or 9.45%.

Keywords:

Runoff, Hydrograph Method, Paving Block, Artificial Rain Simulator

Abstract:

This article is dedicated to analyzing the impact of climatic conditions on the operational characteristics of concrete roads, with a focus on thermal deformations that occur during their use. Concrete roads have clear advantages in terms of durability and load capacity; however, the thermal expansion and contraction of concrete, caused by seasonal temperature fluctuations, can lead to the formation of cracks and defects that reduce the physical and mechanical properties of the road surface. The article presents a portion of a comprehensive study conducted on the "Shymkent-Turkestan" highway, where concrete samples from various locations were analyzed. The methodology included measuring the geometric dimensions, density, and thermal deformations of the samples. The average density values of the samples from the three road sections were 2.27 g/cm³, 2.35 g/cm³, and 2.42 g/cm³ for locations 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Low coefficients of variation in all three locations characterize the high quality of the concrete in terms of homogeneity and its suitability for further investigation of thermal expansion and contraction. Based on the obtained values of the thermal analysis of concrete samples from the three locations, a correlation between thermal expansion and contraction with the material density was established. The increase in thermal expansion is negligible, with an increase in density of 3.4%, the thermal expansion increases by 0.7%. With a density increase of 6.6%, the thermal expansion is 3.7%. The increase in thermal contraction with a density increase of 3.4% is 0.7%. With a density increase of 6.6%, the thermal contraction is 3.2%. The study's results will help improve the design and operation of concrete roads, taking into account the specifics of local climatic conditions.

Abstract:

This article explores the potential for predicting catastrophic events by detecting weak signals through media monitoring. Drawing on data from publications in "The New York Times" and "The Guardian," the study applies text mining techniques, such as text preprocessing, frequency analysis, and word clouds, to track the dynamics of the information field. Statistical methods are used to identify anomalies in the frequency of keywords, suggesting that significant shifts in the information landscape can precede major events. The research focuses on two notable cases: the COVID-19 pandemic and Russia's military invasion of Ukraine. In both instances, changes in the information field were observed long before the events unfolded, with anomalies in keyword frequency deviating more than 4σ from the norm. These findings demonstrate that monitoring media sources for weak signals can serve as an early predictive system for forthcoming crises. Overall, the study underscores the potential of using information field analysis to predict catastrophic events. Implementing such a system through machine linguistics could enhance preparedness and reduce risks to economic security.

Abstract:

Utilising Variable Message Signs (VMS) for road safety campaigns, beyond their primary role of displaying traffic conditions, can contribute significantly to achieving SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities. A notably high percentage of driver fatalities occur due to the failure to wear a seat belt, which prompted this study to investigate the effectiveness of VMS in Leeds. This research, which had not previously been conducted, explored the impact of combining message framing and colour priming to promote seat belt usage. This study was conducted using an online questionnaire-based experiment, with four groups of participants based on the combination of positive vs. negative framing and red vs. blue priming. The results revealed that knowledge significantly influenced message recall, and surprisingly, contradictory combinations like negative framing with red were found effective. This combination enhanced recall and heightened participants' perceived efficacy regarding seat belt use, potentially reducing severe injuries and fatalities, aligning with the goals of SDG 11.

Abstract:

The adoption of autonomous vehicles (AVs) in the UK is potentially rising in the future with no exception in Leeds. With the Leeds City Council aiming to tackle climate change through their transport strategies, the adoption of AVs might introduce positive or negative impacts. However, AVs adoption in Leeds is still very little discussed in the transport strategy document. Through the system dynamic approach, the adoption of AVs in Leeds is analyzed based on four main transport strategies targets. Five main scenarios and a sensitivity analysis have been simulated using VENSIM. The result shows that AVs implementation potentially reduces the total vehicle emission with the zero emission power grid and reduces traffic accidents in Leeds which involves SDG 3 and 7. However, a traffic accidents spike should be anticipated in the lower AVs market penetration. Meanwhile, the AVs adoption might generate more traffic. The empty cruising AVs ability can result in additional trips which make the road more congested. Therefore, the local government should provide better alternatives to private vehicles (PV) and implement policies to discourage PV trips which are beneficial to SDG 11. A drastic policy and huge cost might be involved to achieve the sustainability goals.

Abstract:

Car dependency has been perceived as a multifaceted problem for the externalities it causes. Autonomous vehicle (AV) comes with automation technology allowing people to not driving at certain level. Despite the expensive purchase price of AV, it offers several promising benefits. Ridesharing as a form of shared mobility has been one of solutions proposed by scholars to reduce people’s dependency on private car. As the use of AV as ridesharing is expected to be normal in the future, therefore it is reasonable to investigate the impact of shared autonomous vehicles (SAV) or driverless taxi service in convincing people give up their private car. The SAV users come from people leave their cars for SAV service represented by SAV fleet and waiting time. The provision of fleet directly affects the waiting time, with the higher number of fleets to meet the demand will lower the waiting time. A lower waiting time have a positive impact in increasing SAV users. This research aligns with SDG 11 by providing a sustainable transport for resilient and sustainable city.

Abstract:

Air transportation plays a vital role in facilitating connection throughout Indonesia, the biggest archipelagic country in the world. The Indonesian government controls domestic passenger airfare by implementing predetermined maximum and minimum pricing, as specified in Articles 126 and 127 of Law No. 1 of 1999, to guarantee affordability. This strategy has encountered criticisms from both passengers, who consider tickets as unaffordable during busy periods, and airlines, who struggle with the challenge of covering operational expenses. The global deregulation of the aviation sector, exemplified by the United States following the enactment of the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978, has facilitated competition and innovation, resulting in decreased passenger fares. This study investigates the possible applicability of international airfare rules to Indonesia, with the objective of achieving a harmonious equilibrium between affordability and industrial expansion. An analysis of worldwide practices is conducted to determine appropriate airfare rates, identify domestic obstacles, and assess flexible global solutions. Key study questions encompass the effects of domestic airfare restrictions and liberalization on the affordability of fares and the overall health of the industry, together with other significant variables. The findings seek to guide policy refinements that improve Indonesia's aviation industry while preserving consumer well-being.

Abstract:

This study aims to understand the impacts of implementing Electronic Road Pricing (ERP) on private vehicle users in reducing congestion in Jakarta through traffic management. Traffic policies like the 3-in-1 and odd-even schemes, previously implemented in Jakarta, were initial steps toward ERP, which is considered more effective. Before the Covid-19 pandemic, ERP was planned for Jalan Sisingamangaraja to Bundaran HI, and later on the Fatmawati and Panglima Polim road segments. However, it was postponed due to rising travel costs for commuters. The study data were collected through a month-long survey of 498 commuters, aiming to assess their likelihood of switching from private vehicles to public transportation. The survey consisted of five sections to determine whether respondents met the study’s criteria. Ultimately, 443 respondents qualified, and their responses were analyzed using the binomial logit method. The results showed that cost and time were key variables, while other factors were adjusted through iterations to achieve a Log-Likelihood value close to zero. The analysis revealed a willingness to pay (WTP) of Rp. 41,500 for motorcycle users and Rp. 49,000 for car users for the ERP policy.

Abstract:

Maternal and child health is a complex and ongoing worldwide issue that has been addressed in the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The SDG Goal 3 Target 3.1 seeks to further advance this by establishing a more ambitious objective of achieving 70 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births by 2030. While there has been significant progress have been made, several countries including Indonesia still encounter obstacles in attaining this ambitious goal. Accessibility to healthcare can play an important role in addressing the issue of maternal mortality. One of the main reasons is that access to healthcare varies significantly between rural and urban environments. Moreover, factors such as travel time, distance, and affordability act as the main cause behind this phenomenon. The 3 phases of delay model developed by Thaddeus and Maine (1994) to assess the impact of transportation on the accessibility of maternal healthcare services will be applied in this study. By operating a secondary data analysis from Indonesia Demographic Health Survey (IDHS), this study intends to uncover the relationship between women’s accessibility to maternal healthcare and the maternal health outcomes in rural areas of Indonesia.

Abstract:

Variable message signs (VMS) are a type of programmable electronic sign commonly positioned next to highways to provide drivers with current information. This technology can be used for effective communication between road authorities and drivers to enhance traffic management and road safety. By providing designed safety messages especially safety belts in negative and positive framing displayed on VMS, this research aims to investigate the socio-demographic factor influencing drivers to recall the message and discover the association between message framing and driver recall. To achieve this, a quantitative method was chosen, and an experiment was conducted by displaying designed messages and then addressing drivers with a questionnaire. Subsequently, the chi-square test was utilised to investigate the association among variables followed by post hoc analysis. Findings suggest that age group and driving experience influence the ability of drivers to recall the message displayed on VMS. Moreover, a message that was phrased in a negative frame was recalled significantly more frequently. The results of this research will contribute to a better understanding of how VMS can be used most effectively to improve road safety and reduce fatalities. Implementing negatively framed messaging on VMS would enhance drivers' ability to recall the presented message. Moreover, this discovery perhaps serves as a recommendation for the government to exhibit such messages to advance road safety campaigns.

Abstract:

Leeds City Council (LCC) is ambitious to create a city where people do not need a car by reducing the mileage of car trips per year by 30%, or equal to 900 miles/person/year, by 2030 (Leeds City Council, 2020). Using private cars is less sustainable, which worsens the environment, causing traffic congestion associated with economic growth and increasing traffic accidents closely related to social justice. This research explores the impact of WFH policy on discouraging owning a car and the possibility of people in the WFH and non-WFH groups employing public transport facilities. An online survey is circulated in Leeds to obtain information about socio-demographics, travel characteristics, and public transport perception. Nominal data from the survey is analysed using statistics tools Chi-Square and Binary Logistic Regression to determine the relationship between WFH through car ownership and public transport. The results indicate that WFH can reduce car ownership and enhance public transport usage. These findings suggest that reducing car ownership through implementing WFH can also successfully optimise public transport services.

Abstract:

This study delves into significant obstacles and suggests solutions to improve urban infrastructure, with a specific focus on pedestrian networks and public transport in Palembang. It involves analyzing documents related to urban design and transport policies. Additionally, semi-structured interviews with relevant stakeholders were conducted to gain insights from a governance perspective on the challenges and solutions relevant to the study. The results show that the primary obstacles consist of restricted land availability, an imbalanced emphasis on main roads, and inadequate funding, all of which impede the progress of pedestrian infrastructure, especially in suburban regions. Moreover, public transportation encounters rivalry from unofficial services and operational inefficiencies, worsened by financial limitations. Challenges in institutional coordination further complicate infrastructure advancement, with conflicting schedules and shifting political agendas impacting consistency. However, the study highlights the significance of thorough planning and early collaboration between institutions to promote cohesive development. Engaging the public through community outreach and involving stakeholders is essential for successful project implementation, ensuring that infrastructure initiatives align with community requirements and receive widespread backing. In general, the study promotes a strategic and inclusive urban planning approach to establish sustainable, fair, and effective urban spaces.

Abstract:

Risk management is a critical aspect of decision-making in various domains, including finance, healthcare, cybersecurity, and more. Traditional risk management approaches often struggle to keep pace with the complexity and volume of data in today's interconnected world. This paper explores the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques to enhance risk management practices. AI offers several advantages in risk management, including automation, predictive analytics, and pattern recognition. Machine learning algorithms can analyze vast datasets to identify potential risks, predict future trends, and optimize risk mitigation strategies. Furthermore, AI-powered risk management systems can continuously learn and adapt to evolving threats, providing real-time insights to decision-makers. However, the adoption of AI in risk management also poses challenges, such as data privacy concerns, algorithmic bias, and interpretability issues. A Detail study of risk analysis pertaining to construction projects at the tendering stage i.e., Invitation to Bid (ITB) in a selected country (India) was undertaken to assess the risk factors associated with these projects during the bidding time. An Artificial Neural Network (ANNs) approach has been used to reveal the variation of results by using AI technology. AI in their enterprise architecture is not only optimizing their current operations but are also positioning themselves for future success in an increasingly digital world. This Literature shows that the artificial neural network model is suitable for mapping the complicated non-linear relationship between contractors’ attributes and their corresponding pre-qualification (disqualification) decisions. The artificial neural network model can be concluded as an ideal alternative for performing the contractor pre-qualification task. This Paper concludes that using advanced techniques can improve accuracy, reliability, and cost-effectiveness in the Construction Projects during the Pre-Bid stage and risks can be mitigated.

Keywords:

Risk management, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Invitation to Bid (ITB), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Machine Learning (ML) etc.

Abstract:

This paper presents the development of an Augmented Reality (AR) application for a technical training and learning center's Gas Turbine training, aimed at enhancing trainees' skills through interactive 3D models. Developed using Unity 3D and Vuforia, the AR modules that provide an engaging and dynamic learning environment, featuring a user-friendly graphical interface that enables trainees to access the training anywhere and at any time. QR code-based recognition enables visualization and interaction with detailed gas turbine components, offering an immersive experience. Traditional methods that rely heavily on theoretical instruction with limited hands-on experience often struggle to effectively convey the complexities of gas turbine operations. This AR application addresses these challenges by bridging the gap between theory and practice, offering practical, interactive learning in a virtual setting. The project followed Agile Methodology, ensuring continuous feedback and improvements throughout development. The successful completion of the AR application demonstrates the potential of AR technology to transform industrial training, providing a more practical and accessible approach to mastering complex systems like gas turbines.

Abstract :

In the construction process, there is a design and planning process. In the design and planning process carried out by an architect, comprehensive concepts are used from learning outcomes and experience. In some projects, there are problems with client dissatisfaction such as changes in drawings in the middle of implementation and misunderstandings between clients and architects. Many problems arise even though in general architects only provide a maximum of three drawing revisions, so there is no meeting point between the architect and the client. Unwittingly, every human being has a different personality character. Experts have put forward theories of these differences, including the Hippocrates-Galenus personality character theory, MBTI, and Ocean. In this study, the researcher sought a relationship between personality character based on the Hippocrates-Galenus theory, and the perception of comfort in interior architectural space. Thus, if there is a relationship, it will be very helpful for an architect to know the client's personality character in advance so that the design will be more targeted, not based on trial and error. This study uses a quantitative descriptive method, looking for correlation and regression. VR headsets and EEG were used to explore the personality characteristics of 40 respondents who were separated into four categories: choleric, melancholic, sanguine, and phlegmatic. The study covers the senses of sight, hearing, smell, and touch. Researchers found a relationship between personality traits and perception of comfort, where each character (melancholic, choleric, phlegmatic, and sanguine) has a different perception of comfort towards the room's interior.

Abstract :

In the construction process, there is a design and planning process. In the design and planning process carried out by an architect, comprehensive concepts are used from learning outcomes and experience. In some projects, there are problems with client dissatisfaction such as changes in drawings in the middle of implementation and misunderstandings between clients and architects. Many problems arise even though in general architects only provide a maximum of three drawing revisions, so there is no meeting point between the architect and the client. Unwittingly, every human being has a different personality character. Experts have put forward theories of these differences, including the Hippocrates-Galenus personality character theory, MBTI, and Ocean. In this study, the researcher sought a relationship between personality character based on the Hippocrates-Galenus theory, and the perception of comfort in interior architectural space. Thus, if there is a relationship, it will be very helpful for an architect to know the client's personality character in advance so that the design will be more targeted, not based on trial and error. This study uses a quantitative descriptive method, looking for correlation and regression. VR headsets and EEG were used to explore the personality characteristics of 40 respondents who were separated into four categories: choleric, melancholic, sanguine, and phlegmatic. The study covers the senses of sight, hearing, smell, and touch. Researchers found a relationship between personality traits and perception of comfort, where each character (melancholic, choleric, phlegmatic, and sanguine) has a different perception of comfort towards the room's interior.

Abstract :

The aimed of this study was to assess the potential of myrrh extracts (methanol, aqueous and petroleum ether) , as well as their chemical characteristics and medicinal applications. Also, it evaluated for their anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and wound healing activity. The chemical structure for the methanol extract of myrrh constituents were compounds such as gamma-Terpinene, heerboresene, campesterol, keto steroids, β-sitosterol, 3-epi-α-amyrin, α-amyrone, commiferin, commiphorinic acid, and different commiphoric acids. Methanol extract of Commiphora myrrha showed higher activity than aqueous and oil against microbial organisms. It shows, zone inhibition against Candida albicans (15mm), Spergillus niger (16mm), Staphylococcus aureus (15mm), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(15mm). The reason is presence of phenolic, Germacrene D and p-Cymene compound. It has been noticed that the wounds which treated with ointment containing (3%) of methanol extract of Commiphora myrrha for infected group, the healing period was reduced to 13 days, whereas wounded treated with ointment containing Tetracycline 3% ointment of infected group, the healing period (15) days. The Commiphora myrrha (3%) ointment was more active than Tetracycline (3%) in the lab. In which, the inhibition percentage of the heat-induced hemolysis of RBCs membrane in case of aqueous extract low (58.2%), as for methanol-extract is high (95.8%) comparing to the standard drug Aspirin (97.4%). Antioxidant activity of aqueous and methanol extracts of Commiphora Myrrha against DPPH radical scavenging activity obtained by dose sample with IC50 = µl/ 1000 µl, were (78.5%) and (98.2%) respectively.

Abstract :

University websites are vital platforms for engaging with the global community and often serve as the first point of contact for prospective students. They provide crucial information to a wide range of stakeholders, including faculty, parents, researchers, industry partners, and community members. To meet these diverse needs and comply with governmental mandates, universities in Oman must enhance their website quality, focusing on usability, accessibility, and user experience. The User-Centered Design (UCD) approach, which involves user participation in an iterative design process, is an effective method for achieving these goals. It centers on understanding users, their tasks, and the contexts in which they operate, ensuring the final product meets real needs and expectations. This paper, part of an ongoing research initiative, examines the impact of university websites designed using the UCD approach on usability, accessibility, and user satisfaction, specifically focusing on the University of Technology and Applied Sciences (UTAS) in Oman. It details the first two phases of the design process: user research and information architecture. Our findings, including website wireframes, mockup prototypes, and initial usability test results, use both quantitative and qualitative evaluation methods. We anticipate enhanced e-services and increased user satisfaction among university stakeholders, offering valuable insights to guide future website design for higher education institutions locally and globally, ensuring they adhere to high standards of usability, accessibility, and user satisfaction.